Motivation principles

The word motivation is coined from the Latin word "movere", which means to move. Motivation is defined as an internal drive that activates behavior and gives it direction. The term motivation ideas is concerned with the processes that review why and how human behavior is activated and directed. It is regarded as one of the most important areas of study in the field of organizational behavior. There are two distinct categories of motivation theories such as article theories, and process theories. Even though there are distinct motivation theories, none of them are universally accepted.

Also known as need theory, the article ideas of motivation generally focuses on the internal factors that energize and direct human behavior. Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Alderfer's Erg theory, Herzeberg's motivator-hygiene ideas (Herzeberg's dual factors theory), and McClelland's learned needs or three-needs ideas are some of the major article theories.

Of the distinct types of article theories, the most predominant article ideas is Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of human needs. Maslow introduced five levels of basic needs through his theory. Basic needs are categorized as physiological needs, safety and safety needs, needs of love, needs for self esteem and needs for self-actualization.

Just like Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Erg ideas explains existence, relatedness, and increase needs. through dual factors theory, Herzeberg describes certain factors in the workplace which consequent in job satisfaction. McClelland's learned needs or three-needs ideas uses a projective technique called the Thematic Aptitude Test (Tat) so as to value people based on three needs: power, achievement, and affiliation. people with high need of power take performance in a way that influences the other's behavior.

Another type of motivation ideas is process theory. Process theories of motivation supply an opportunity to understand thought processes that affect behavior. The major process theories of motivation contain Adams' equity theory, Vroom's expectancy theory, goal-setting theory, and reinforcement theory. Expectancy, instrumentality, and valence are the key concepts explained in the expectancy theory. Goal setting ideas suggests that the individuals are motivated to reach set goals. It also requires that the set goals should be specific. Reinforcement ideas is concerned with controlling behavior by manipulating its consequences.